Unit I: Reproduction

1. Reproduction in Organisms

Content:

• Asexual and sexual reproduction

• Vegetative reproduction

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction

• Explain various modes of reproduction

• Understand the significance of reproduction

2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Content:

• Flower structure

• Microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis

• Pollination and fertilization

• Seed and fruit development

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Describe structure and function of flower parts

• Explain pollination and fertilization

• Understand seed and fruit formation

3. Human Reproduction

Content:

• Male and female reproductive systems

• Gametogenesis

• Menstrual cycle

• Pregnancy and parturition

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Describe human reproductive systems

• Explain gamete formation

• Understand reproductive cycles and development

4. Reproductive Health

Content:

• Contraception methods

• Sexually transmitted diseases

• Reproductive health awareness

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Understand importance of reproductive health

• Explain methods of contraception

• Develop awareness of disease prevention

Unit II: Genetics and Evolution

5. Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Content:

• Mendel’s experiments

• Inheritance patterns

• Sex determination

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Explain laws of inheritance

• Solve genetic problems

• Understand inheritance of traits

6. Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Content:

• DNA structure and replication

• Transcription and translation

• Genetic code

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Explain structure and function of DNA

• Describe protein synthesis

• Understand molecular mechanisms of inheritance

7. Evolution

Content:

• Origin of life

• Evidences of evolution

• Mechanisms of evolution

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Explain theories of evolution

• Describe evidences supporting evolution

• Understand speciation and adaptation

Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare

8. Human Health and Disease

9. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

10. Microbes in Human Welfare

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Understand causes and prevention of diseases

• Explain food production strategies

• Appreciate role of microbes in daily life

Unit IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications

11. Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

12. Biotechnology and Its Applications

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Understand genetic engineering techniques

• Explain applications of biotechnology

• Appreciate ethical and social implications

Unit V: Ecology and Environment

13. Organisms and Populations

14. Ecosystem

15. Biodiversity and Conservation

16. Environmental Issues

Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to:

• Understand population interactions

• Explain ecosystem dynamics

• Appreciate biodiversity conservation

• Analyze environmental problems and solutions